Fertilizer can be seen as food for plants and grass, making it an important part of any healthy garden. But what exactly is in fertilizer? Have you ever wondered how fertilizer works? Simply put, fertilizer offers the main ‘foods’ that plants need, much like the food groups we consume.
What is fertilizer made of?
Plants also have main ‘food groups’ and specific nutrients that they need to stay healthy all year long. These elements are what makes up fertilizer and it is referred to as NPK. This can also be seen on fertilizer bags, showing the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content. Plants, including your lawn, need a lot of these, in just the right ratio.
To be more specific, some of the important elements that plants need include:
- Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen available from the air and water;
- Macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;
- Secondary nutrients like Sulphur, magnesium and calcium;
- Micronutrients like boron, cobalt, copper, manganese and iron.
Many people believe that you should only give your plants water and enough fertilizer for them to be healthy; but in fact, plants need a little more. Although water and NPK are important, plants also need trace elements, such as iron, zinc and copper. You can buy fertilizers that have added trace elements, which is always a benefit.
If any of the macronutrients are missing from the soil, the plant’s growth rate will be limited. In these cases, fertilizers can help and that’s also why most fertilizers contain only nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as the rest can be found in lower quantities in the soil.
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Organic fertilizers
Organic fertilizers refer to fertilizers that are natural and not made by mixing chemicals together. They consist of natural ingredients that are high in N, or K and contain trace elements as well. Keep in mind that these should still be in the right ratio.
Plants are always healthier when fed a wholesome, healthy diet, much like we are. They get this from healthy soil, with lots of organic matter, teeming with worms and beneficial organisms.
But, what is the best fertilizer to choose? Understanding how fertilizer works will help you to choose the right fertilizer at the right time, to benefit your plants, but keep in mind that most of this should come from their natural environment. Plants can’t always get everything they need from the environment around them, and that is when fertilizer can help them.
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